ISSN: 2789-4169
E-ISSN: 2789-6331
Publisher: Government College for Women University, Faisalabad
Country: Pakistan
Language: Urdu
Subject Areas: Arts and Humanities, Language and Linguistics
Frequency: Biannual
Homepage: Visit Journal Website
Abstract: Franz Kafka is what only Franz Kafka could be. He was one of the stalwarts of twentieth century literature who hued out new vistas of meanings in literature,  carved a niche in literary genre called ' Kafkaesque ' and leaving questions through his creative works that have the ability to continue to haunt his discerning readers. Translated into urdu, Kafka has come to create a special bond with his urdu language readers through some splendid translations which have removed semantic barriers between the creator and his avid audience. In the present article, the writer has focused on Kafka's two seminal works; Metamorphisis and The Trial to bring out issues which permeate Kafka's writing. Different layers of meaning and literary interpretations of these two works have been analyzed threadbare so as to understand Kafka through the prism of multiple perspectives.
Authors: Nabeel Ahmad, Sher Ali
Keywords: Franz KafkaMetamorphisisKafkaesque
Abstract: Founder of Qadianism claims that he is Buruzi Prophet and due to be a Buruzi prophet his prophethood did not affect the Finality of Prophet Muhammad (Peace be upon him). His philosophy was that because shadow never separate form origin that is why as Prophet his finality is the finality of Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him). In iqbal’s opinion word Buruze, Zil, Hulul were popularized among Muslims under pre–Islamic Magian concepts. Iqbal’s Writings shows that he was searching for the origin of this word and was not convinced about historical reality of this word till the end. However, he condemned the claim of Mirza Gulham Ahmed on logical basis. Dr. whaeed Ishrat wrote an article on this issue, but he tried to distort Iqbal’s position in his article and attacked great Muslim Sufis and Muslim school of thoughts under the shadow of Iqbal. In this article, Iqbal’s position on Buruziat has been explained in the light of facts.
Authors: Syed Shiraz Ali Zaidi
Keywords: Buruz
Abstract: This article is an effort to explore the dimensions of religiousty in Ghalib's Poetry. He makes philosophical queries about human race in the divine system of Almighty Allah. He does not roam around aimlessly in passive Hellenic mysticism. His metaphysical perspective is very dynamic. His poetry does not reflect only the inward aspect of religion. He wants to know the secrets of universe very beautifully and aesthetically laid out by Almighty Allah. His thought process and quires are not limited to the flowers, clouds green pastures. He wants to see beyond galaxies. At times he views the universe through pantheistic perspective. The phrases and terms of classical tradition of Sufism can also be seen in his poetry. As he uses the term ‘drop’ as mankind’s mystical existence in the ocean of divinity.
Authors: Shahida Yousuf
Abstract: Allama Rashid-ul-khari was the earliest and most prolific prose writer in Urdu creative literature whose works made a way for fictional narratives. He was an Urdu novelist, short-story writer, feminist writer, poet and humanist. He left no less than eighty books which include novels, social and historical short stories and collection of eassys other than two comedy works. His special forte is tragedy. Rashid-ul-Kheri is generally regarded as the chief and most successful imitator of Deputy Nazir Ahmad. But there is a good deal of more sadness and sorrow to be found in his works than in those of Nazir Ahmad. This earned for him the title of Musawwar-e-Gum. He was pioneer who raised his voice for women’s rights and served for the cause of Muslim women education in India through the platform of ‘Ismat’ a social and literary magazine for women. Kheri’s works depiets the clear and vivid picture of women’s circumstances durig his time in India. Allama Rashid-ul-Kheri has been recognized as the earliest short story writer in Urdu literature as well as the pioneer in using epistolary technirque in fictional genre i.e in short-story writing. His major epistolary works include “Masli Hui Pattiyan” and “Qatrat-e-Ashk” laving fourteen epistoloary short stories i.e eleven in “Masli Hui Patiyan” and three in “Qatrat-e-Ashk”. This article brings into light the epistolary works of Rashid-ul_Kheri as the first epistolary short story writer in Urdu creative literature.
Authors: Noshila Rasool, Saeed Ahmad
Abstract: Ahmad Nadeem Qaasmi was known as the great name in the field of Urdu literature. He gained utmost importance as Columnist, fiction writer and as a poet. He was also a great critic and script writer. In his critical writing, he presented and highlighted the importance of literary criticism, principles and ideological importance of literary work in Urdu. He wrote a lot about “Mirza Ghalib”. “Ghalib” was a great name in Urdu poetry and nobody can deny the supreme poetry done by him. Qaasmi was very impressed from literary work done by “Ghalib” and he wrote a large number of commentaries about Mirza Ghalib’s work. He discovered new parameters and dimensions about Mirza Ghalib’s poetry. He penned down new knowledge, he obtained after studying Ghalib. He was known as a great name as “Ghalib Feham” because he made different experimentation and exploited new horizons of Ghalib’s Poetry. Qaasmi was a great advocate of the notion that Urdu got independence from other languages due to work done by Mirza Ghalib. It’s the Mirza Nosha who brought Urdu in open air and gave it oxygen so that he might flourish independently without any prejudice. This following article will highlight hidden and novel elements present in Qaasmi’s books about Mirza’s literary work.
Authors: Sabina Awais
Keywords: CriticScript WriterDimensionsExperimentationPrejudiceHorizon.
Abstract: In terms of Urdu non-fiction literature, Qudratullah Shahab's "Shahab Nama" has a key position in the genre of autobiography. Originally, "Shahab Nama" is a literary masterpiece written by Qudratullah Shahab, in which the reception era is fully reflected in the mirror of Pakistan's past and present. The political, social, economic and cultural situation of Pakistan has been described in a very thought-provoking manner in the autobiography under study. Moreover, the style of narration of the author is so deceptive that the reader gets lost in the charm of the contents of the book while studying autobiography. Qudratullah Shahab, along with untying the knots of different periods and stages of his life in his book, also embellished the political, social and cultural conditions and monuments from the establishment of Pakistan to the eighth decade of the twentieth century with perfect skill and nimble hand. In the article under study, scribe has tried to present the political and social situations described in the above-mentioned autobiography in a research and critical manner.
Authors: Aamar Iqbal, Irfan Tauheed, Parveen Akhtar Kallu
Keywords: AutobiographyShahab NamaHind-o-PakSocialPoliticalSituation
Abstract:  Bano Qudsiya was a great Urdu writer in contemporary times. Her works are a treasure trove of Urdu literature, which communicates with readers and introduces them to the purpose of life. Her works are a symbol of beauty of Urdu language. In her dramas he possessed creative powers, which was sensitive and opinioned. She used to observe the circumstances and events around her very closely and then learned the art of presenting them to her readers in a very beautiful pattern. Her characters are belonged to our surrounding. She presented the true picture of our society in her short stories as well in her dramas.
Authors: Bazghah Qandeel, Rabia Khan
Abstract: In this essay, in the poetic symposium of Anjuman-e-Punjab, Masnavi Halli and Masnavi Azaad one discussed. The establishment of Anjuman-e-Punjab, organization of poetic symposium under Anjuman-e-Punjab, and under this Anjuman Masnaviaat of Haali and Azaad are admired with poetic examples. In the development of the movement of Anjuman-e-Punjab, The services of Azad and Haali have special significance. Although they did not alter the form of Urdu poetry, Yet paved the way for the new comers in this genre. The topics of this poetic symposium under this Anjuman are following: Barsat, Umeed, Hubb-e-Watan, Aman, Murrawat, Tehzeeb and Ikhlaaq
Authors: Shabana Naz
Abstract: Literature and society are strongly inter related as literature mirrors society and affects it so much as to bring numerous changes. Literature is just like a stone that produces ripples in a pool. Any changing in society affects the whole fabric of literature because literature gets raw material from society. Disasters directly affect both literature and writer. The writer, who is a sensitive citizen, finds attraction in disasters and gets effective material. Most of the best seller and popular books are related to war or revolution. We can categorize them as disaster. In Urdu fiction, we can divide disasters into two classifications: first Natural disaster and second is human instigated. Various phenomenons like earthquakes, famine, floods and epidemics are all natural disasters that kill thousands of people and destroy economy of many countries. There is no period in man’s history which is safe from these natural disasters. That is why we find literature about these disasters in every language of the world. Even Urdu literature also reflects the impacts of these disasters on society. Famines are extreme shortage of food that results in high rates of mortality. People facing famine show the symptoms of fat loss, depression, severe weakness which result in immobility and eventually the death of the poor victims. Besides physical impacts, there are lots of social consequences of famines e.g migration of people, disturbance in social behaviours and loss of pride and dignity.
Authors: Asma Robina
Keywords: FaminesShortageMortalityDepressionImmobilitySocial ConsequencesPride and Dignity.
Abstract: The main feture of the novel “Nagri Nagri Phera Musafar” is that the novel is also a reflection of the society conditionsof its era and its critic, and the novelist, s view of life is also reflected in it. In this sense , this novel by Nisar Aziz Butt serves as a reflection and criticism of the society.The writer has depicted the environment while remaining close to the reality, including the merits and demerits. The role model of the novel teaches coping with social situations.Instead of imitating or supporting every good or bad thing, it encourage you to be able to make your own decision by keeping the eyes of yours consciousness open.This article show the environment problems in novel “Nagri Nagri Phera Musafar”.
Authors: Muhammad Saad, Saima Iqbal, Zikriya Arif
Abstract: Famous Colombian writer Gabriel Garcia Marquez was awarded Nobel Prize for his literary work; particularly for the novel “One Hundred Years of Solitude” in 1985 due to its vast canvas, colonial, post-colonial, imperial studies and history of Latin America. The novel is centered on a new village “Macondo” which is built by Jose Arcadio  and Ursula, a metaphor to the first population on the world by Adam and Eve. Macondo is a land of dreams till the time no imperialist enter here and makes it a colony. Imperialists control it through a force system and bring scientific invention, businessmen, armed forces, ruthless killing of laborers, wars, socio-political unrest, fake elections system, materialism and dictatorship over lands. Never ending war starts with the result of demice and destruction of Macondo. This novel is indeed the study and explanation of history of imperialism, colonialism and post-colonialism of the world. This research brings into lime light and analyzes the elements of imperialism, colonization and postcolonization presented in the novel. 
Authors: Ghulam Mustafa Farooq, Muhammad Khurram Yasin
Keywords: MacondoOne Hundred Years of Solitudepostcolonization
Abstract: The study of modern poets reveal the fact that Majeed Amjad stands distinct in matter of atmospheric sense in his poetry. His poems beautifully depict nature and its manifestations. As we go into  deep study of his poems we observe that nature is in its alive shape as compared to his ancestors and contemporary poets. He hankers after the physical and celestial beauty of villages, cattle, wells and cultural heritage. This research article is an effort to bring forth Majeed Amjad Atmospheric Prospective in his poems and describe his views about nature and its relation with humanity.
Authors: Misbha Saleem, Tayyaba Nighat
Abstract: Urdu Ghazal is a very valuable cultural asset of the subcontinent. It provided the Urdu with a large number of great poets. It is the Ghazal which is the biggest way of cultural expression in Urdu. It is also an important point that the number of poetesses is a few only as compared to poets in the very early times of Ghazal sayings. It is another dimension now that the number of poetesses is no more less than the number of poets these days. The name of Shabnam Shakeel has been of great importance in Urdu Ghazal. She provided Urdu with her very two important books- SHABZAD and IZTIRAB. In this article, Shabnam Shakeel's importance has been highlighted while analyzing her Urdu Ghazal. Her distinctions in this regard have been described in the light of her Ghazal features.
Authors: Zeenat Afshan
Keywords: distinctionsculturaldimensionregard
Abstract: Persian language is significant regarding critical discourse analysis of Indian history. At gross root level political, social, spiritual, Cultural and literature history authentic references of Indian history are found in Persian language as a primary source. Historiography began in 1206 in India along with existence of Muslim royalty. Five dynasties consisted of Khandan e Ghulaman, Khandan e khilji, Khandan e Tughlaq,Khandan e Sadat and Khandan e Lodhi.Political histories have highlighted defense, public administration, war and peace policies. All of the references and resources of Dynasties are evident in Persian language. It is crystal clear that no researcher can avoid Persian due to its authentication. Modern history of Muslim reign in India in the light of Persian references is reasonably quite different from the present one which is included in the curriculum. Persian language contains all the political references of Kingdom era. We are seduced due to depending upon such English translations for reference which are not original rather translated with a specific purpose. These translations highlight Muslim victories with a prejudice thinking process of colonialism and reflect the victories of conquerors as, he came, saw and conquered and then looted and gone. This malicious and ambiguous referencing has depicted a biased picture of Muslim era on India. Due to which a common researcher and think tank is deprived from fact. Author of article intensively desires to point out facts and primary sources for reconsidering and editing references using authentic sources for research.
Authors: Fouzia Shehzadi, Habib Ur Rahman, Muhammad Amjad Abid
Abstract: "Pas Cheh Baaed Kard" is one of Iqbal's masterpieces. The poem belongs to the genre of Masnavi (a Persian genre). The poet in the poem has discussed two themes: decayed conditions of the Muslims coupled with fake intellectualism and the suffering resources of Asian nations. Masnavi shows Iqbal's request to the Holy Prophet (PBUH) for his health free from illness, but the pang of ummah overwhelms personal pain. So far there have been three poetic translations (Punjabi) of "Pas Cheh Baaed Kard". The translation of Sayyed manzoor Haider is the first one and is very important in term of language, expression, and meaning. It was a difficult task to translate a poetic intellectual endeavor into a poetic translation but sayyed manzoor haider worked very hard and diligently.
Authors: Sajid Iqbal, Waqar Ahmad
Keywords: Asian nationsintellectualismMasnaviPoeticSayyed manzoor Haider
Abstract: Dastanain (Tales) have always been a salient feature of literature all over the world where each tale depicts the socio-cultural scenario as well as civilization of its relevant literature. Storytelling remained a part of Urdu literature for a long time but gradually has been replaced by other genres of literature. The purpose of this article is to unveil those mysteries of Indian culture and civilization that these tales encompass within themselves..
Authors: Bazghah Qandeel, Muhammad Hafeez, Rahat Nasreen
Keywords: CivilizationGenrereflectionTALEs
Abstract: Along with the partition of India, another theme echoes in modern Urdu poetry, and that theme is Orientalism. Urdu poetry was fortunate that the poets of Pakistan and India wrote timeless poems on this subject. The East sometimes covers the common India on a geographical level and sometimes it is connected with the split of Pakistan where it is defined as 'the East has lost’                          In the discourse of the East, the West is made to believe that the East is one and its common voice is stronger than the voice of the West. The cultural harmony of the East is so common that even its tragedies are the same, the biggest reason for which is the insensitivity of the West       
Authors: Abid Khurshid, Muhammad Said Ali, Shazma Zahra
Abstract: Abd al-Majid Khan Sajid was the owner of the multifaceted character. He started his academic and practical life as a librarian and from the beginning he was very fond of reading books. His studies were vast on the subjects of poetry, philosophy, history and religion. But the main center and axis of his study is Iqbal. He penned Iqbal ki hayat and thoughts in his mother tongue Punjabi in his first book 'Iqbal dei Hayati'. On the subject of Iqbal's life and works, 'Iqbal dei Hayati' was widely accepted in academic and literary circles. 'Iqbal Hayat Asr' is another masterpiece of his taste in science and research. This book is a beacon in the world of Iqbal understanding and Iqbal knowledge. In this book he has discussed in detail about Iqbal's thoughts and ideas in addition to the research review of Iqbal's life and biography. The final book of 'Iqbaliyat Par an' is a proud achievement. Abd al-Majid Sajid has proved in this work that Iqbal was not influenced by Qadianism in any way by dispelling the baseless accusations leveled against Iqbal. Abdul Majeed Khan Sajid has discussed Iqbal's autobiography and thoughts in a research and critical manner in his works
Authors: Ayesha Majeed, Sara Majeed
Keywords: Main Center and Exis of StudyThoughts of IqbalLiterary CirclesResearch ReviewQadianismCritical Manner
Abstract: It is the pride of retrospect that Nasir remained unharmed by the migration but considered himself alone in the new country. And this expression of the feeling of loneliness came out as a major theme of his ghazal. He also used the term sky interchangeably to express the feeling of loneliness. In such poems, sometimes only the sky seems to be their friend, sometimes even the sky feels like a stranger, sometimes the loneliness increases so much that even the moon descends across the sky. Somewhere, Nasir's waking eyes take the form of stars tied with tickets. However, the use of the sky and its paraphernalia in expressing loneliness is remarkable. And in all these poems, the blackness of the night on the sky does not only increase the meaning of loneliness, but also gives rise to its atmosphere of fear. In this expression of the feeling of loneliness, the term sky seems like a spectator. It seems that the sky is completely silent in the form of the historian of time on the decay of humanity in a silent world.
Authors: Majid Mushtaq, Salma Sadiqi
Abstract: Dr. Anwar Sajjad, a renowned name in Urdu Fiction, writes on themes such as the intellectual chaos, the complicated lifestyles, materialistic approach, capitalist exploitation, negative attitudes related to gender and the downfall of values and civilization of modern man. He, being a very sensitive artist, first observed and then tried to expose the driving factors behind the aforementioned elements involving his reader into the experiment. Despite adopting a mostly symbolic style, scattered elements of humor and satire are found throughout his work, but of course we can find the former in greater force than the latter. The Article under discussion analyses the above-mentioned elements.
Authors: Muhammad Deen, Zahid Muneer Amir