Journal of Business Administration and Management Sciences (JOBAMS) is HEC recognized Y-Category, double-blind peer-reviewed, and open-access journal, published online bi-annually by the Department of Business Administration, SMI University, Karachi. JOBAMS publishes articles on a variety of fields of management sciences. It welcomes rigorous research articles on modern trends, issues, and empirical solutions to the problems of management sciences and it also encourages articles on theory-building in the field of management sciences. Particularly, it focuses on the studies of Human Resource Management, Marketing, Finance, Entrepreneurship, Economics, Business Ethics and Sustainability, Organizational Behavior, Corporate Governance, and General Management. JOBAMS intends to publish research on management sciences to advance theoretical development and to bring the scientific exploration of problems and their empirical solutions. It aims to provide research to facilitate academia and industry to collaborate and grow mutually.